Europe — The Eternal Importer of Bitcoin: How the Green Agenda Destroyed EU Energy Sovereignty — SforNews Analytics

  • 27 Jul, 2026
    | Salome K

EUROPE — THE ETERNAL IMPORTER OF BITCOIN

Diagnosis of the Old Model and Its Place in the New Energy-Digital System

DISCLAIMER

This material is an analytical study prepared by the editorial board of the journals “Kafedra” and SforNews as part of a series of works on the transformation of the global energy and financial architecture. The material is based on open data, official documents, public statements, and analytical materials from independent experts.

The material does not constitute legal advice, investment advice, or a call to action. The authors do not provide advice on the purchase, sale, or storage of any assets, including cryptocurrencies. All conclusions are probabilistic and analytical in nature. The editorial board assumes no responsibility for any financial or legal decisions made based on the content read.

ABOUT THE SERIES

This material opens a series of articles devoted to analyzing the readiness of various countries and regions for the transition to a new energy-digital system. The series serves as an evidence base for the Memorandum “Architecture of the New Energy-Digital System” and is intended to clearly demonstrate:

1. That old models of energy and financial management are not working anywhere in the world.
2. That the new system is inevitably built around energy as a core asset.
3. That Bitcoin is becoming the only tool for monetizing energy when physical export channels are closed.

Each article in the series provides an architectural diagnosis of a specific country or region from the perspective of its readiness for the global transition.

INTRODUCTION: A BRIEF DIAGNOSIS

Europe has found itself in an energy trap of its own making. By shutting down nuclear power plants for political reasons [4][5], destroying its own oil refining capacity due to high oil prices and the green agenda [1][2][3], Europe has lost its energy sovereignty. Renewables have not become an industrial solution — they remain a test drive, dependent on the weather [7][8]. The result: industry is dying, gas prices are at historical highs, and the people are paying for ideology.

Europe cannot return to cheap energy — this is a political taboo [10][11][12]. The only way to gain access to “energy” without physical supplies is to buy Bitcoin. Bitcoin is becoming the digital equivalent of energy, which Europe will import in growing volumes.

SECTION 1. THE OLD MODEL: WHAT WAS, WHAT BROKE

Europe built its energy system over decades. Nuclear power plants provided baseload capacity [4]. Oil refining supported industry and jobs [1][2][3]. Gas from Russia was cheap and reliable.

All of this was destroyed by three decisions:

1. Shutting down nuclear power plants. After Fukushima (2011), Germany announced its exit from nuclear power [5]. France, once a nuclear leader, is reducing its nuclear share from 75% to 50% by 2035 [6]. This is not an economic decision. It is politics. The green agenda proved stronger than physics.

2. Destruction of oil refining. In 2010–2015, more than 20 oil refineries closed in Europe [1][2][3]. Reasons: high oil prices made refining unprofitable, competition from the Middle East and Asia, and stricter environmental standards. Europe killed its own refining, replacing it with fuel imports.

3. Rejection of Russian gas. After 2022, Europe deliberately abandoned cheap pipeline gas, replacing it with expensive US LNG. This led to gas prices reaching historical highs and hit industry hard.

The map (energy independence, green transition, cheap energy) does not reflect the territory (closed plants, dying industry, dependence on imports).

SECTION 2. ENERGY PROFILE: WHAT EXISTS, WHAT DOES NOT

What exists

What does not

Wind turbines and solar panels (unstable) [7][8]

Baseload capacity (nuclear, coal, gas) [9]

High gas prices (political taboo)

Cheap gas from Russia

Imported LNG from the US

Own oil refining

Green ideology instead of physics [10][11][12]

Resources for industrial breakthrough

Key fact: Renewables cannot provide baseload capacity. The capacity factor for solar panels is 10–20%, for wind turbines — 30–40% [7][8]. This means Europe depends on the weather, not on technology. When there is no wind and no sun, energy disappears. As the Energy Transition Commission notes, gas reserves are necessary to compensate for the instability of renewables [9].

Conclusion: Europe cannot supply itself with energy physically. It is forced to import. But importing gas and oil is expensive, politically disadvantageous, and unsafe. Importing Bitcoin remains.

SECTION 3. POSITION ON CRYPTO AND MINING

Europe is one of the strictest regulators in the world.

MiCA (Markets in Crypto-Assets) — a law that came into force in 2024 [16]. It requires licensing of all crypto platforms, restricts stablecoins, effectively crowding out non-European companies.
The 21st sanctions package — included crypto platforms operating with Russia [19]. This means that any crypto exchange interacting with Russian counterparties risks being blocked.

Paradox: Europe regulates crypto as if it will be European. But it will not. Bitcoin is a global asset that does not depend on jurisdictions. Europe cannot ban it — it can only restrict access to its markets. But this will not stop Bitcoin imports. It will come through other channels, other wallets, other counterparties.

Fact: Europe practically does not participate in mining. The share of European hashrate is less than 1%. The cost of electricity ($0.08–0.12/kWh) makes mining economically unfeasible. Europe is a net consumer of Bitcoin.

SECTION 4. POSITION OF THE CENTRAL BANK (ECB)

The ECB:

Attempts to balance between inflation and recession. Rate ~4% (2026) [18].
Is developing a digital euro — a pilot has been launched, but full launch is not expected before 2029 [18].
Denies stagflation, although it has already arrived.
Cannot solve the energy problem — only mitigate its consequences.

Paradox of the ECB: it tries to regulate what it does not control. Energy is not under its jurisdiction. Industry is not under its jurisdiction. It can only change the rate, buy bonds, give advice. But all of this is treating symptoms, not the disease.

Conclusion: The ECB is powerless in the face of the energy collapse. Its tools do not work.

SECTION 5. DOUBLE STANDARDS OF EUROPE: ESG AS AN INSTRUMENT OF DICTATION

Europe, which demands decarbonization within tight deadlines from other countries, has itself shut down nuclear power and has no industrial solution. It projects its own pain onto the entire world, issuing ultimatums.

What is ESG?

ESG (Environmental, Social, Governance) is a set of criteria for evaluating companies and investments developed by private institutions. Over a decade, it has turned from a voluntary standard into a mandatory requirement. The largest funds (BlackRock, Vanguard, State Street) made ESG a condition for access to capital [10][11][12]. Companies that did not comply with “green” standards were deprived of financing. Sovereign states that did not comply faced pressure.

Who dictates?

BlackRock — the largest private fund in the world, manages $10 trillion in assets [11].
Vanguard — the second largest, $7 trillion.
State Street Global Advisors — $4 trillion [11].

These three funds control access to global capital. Their ESG requirements have effectively become mandatory for anyone seeking investment. This is not ecology. This is an instrument of political pressure [12].

Why does Europe promote ESG?

Because it allows Europe to:

1. Compensate for its own energy collapse. If the whole world switches to “green” energy, then Europe’s failure becomes not a mistake, but an “advanced path.”
2. Subjugate sovereign states. Through control over capital, Europe and the US dictate terms to countries dependent on foreign investment [10][12].
3. Create a new market. Carbon credits, quotas, green bonds — this is a business worth trillions of dollars.

SECTION 6. WHO SAID “NO”: REJECTION OF ESG AND THE GREEN AGENDA

Not all countries are ready to obey dictates. Sovereign states increasingly declare: “We will develop our own way, using our own resources and our own technologies.”

Country

What was done

Reason

Mexico

The first major economy to openly reject strict renewable energy targets. Revised its energy reform in favor of national interests, returning state control over the energy market [20].

Threat to energy security, protection of the national oil industry (Pemex), preservation of jobs.

Brazil

Actively uses hydrocarbons, develops its own technologies (biofuels from sugarcane) as a national path [21].

Protection of economic sovereignty, use of its unique natural resources (the Amazon).

Russia

Does not accept ultimatums on decarbonization. Uses its hydrocarbons and forest resources as a natural carbon sink [13][14][15]. Builds its own energy transition path.

Unique climatic and natural conditions. Vast forest areas that are not accounted for in Western models.

India

Refused strict carbon neutrality deadlines, continues to build coal power plants [22].

Developing economy, need for cheap energy for millions of people.

South Africa

Stated that it cannot abandon coal due to social and economic consequences [23].

Coal is the basis of energy and jobs. Transition is impossible without colossal external assistance.

Saudi Arabia

Continues to develop its oil industry while simultaneously investing in renewables as a supplement, not a replacement.

Maintaining its global role as a key energy supplier.

Turkey

Rejected carbon neutrality by 2053 as an “unrealistic goal,” continues to develop coal and gas generation.

Energy security, economic growth, dependence on energy imports.

Indonesia

Rejected carbon neutrality by 2060 as an “unrealistic goal,” continues to develop coal and gas generation.

Maintaining coal exports, providing cheap energy for its own economy.

Vietnam

Revised renewable energy targets downward due to grid overload and instability.

Pragmatic approach to energy transition.

Australia

Refused to adopt strict emission reduction targets, preserving coal and gas as the basis of its economy.

Economic sovereignty and job preservation.

CONCLUSION TO THE SECTION

“European institutions do not possess internationally recognized jurisdiction or a mandate to establish mandatory energy policy standards for sovereign states. Interference in matters of energy security — the foundation of national sovereignty — has no legitimate legal or political basis. By what right do private funds and supranational structures claim to regulate the strategic resources of independent states?”

SECTION 7. BITCOIN AS AN ENERGY COUPON: FIXING COSTS AND ELIMINATING VOLATILITY

Bitcoin is not a speculative asset. It is a coupon for barrels of oil or cubic meters of gas that can be redeemed for real resources. If the cost of mining Bitcoin is tightly linked to the cost of electricity (in Russia — $35,000–45,000 per 1 BTC), then Bitcoin becomes a stable measure of energy value.

Volatility in energy prices arises when the price is detached from the cost. If Bitcoin is fixed through mining cost, it becomes a benchmark that smooths price fluctuations. Europe, buying Bitcoin at a fixed cost plus a margin, gains access to energy without volatility. This is not “digital gold.” This is a digital equivalent of a real resource that can be converted into barrels and cubic meters at a known price.

ARCHITECTURAL CHAIN: HOW BITCOIN BECOMES ENERGY AND GOODS

Europe will not “buy Bitcoin” directly as a substitute for gas. Bitcoin becomes an instrument for indirect access to real resources.

Step

What happens

Result

1. Europe’s deficit

Europe has no cheap energy

Dependent on imports

2. Bitcoin import

Europe buys Bitcoin on exchanges and from miners

Bitcoin on EU balance sheets

3. Bitcoin export from energy-rich countries

Russia, Kazakhstan, UAE mine Bitcoin from cheap energy

Bitcoin with exporters

4. Conversion into real resources

Exporters sell Bitcoin and buy equipment, technology, goods

Imports into exporting countries

5. Cycle closure

Europe “imports” not energy itself, but its digital equivalent

Europe gains access to global liquidity

SECTION 8. ARCHITECTURAL CONCLUSION: WHAT PATH IS AVAILABLE TO EUROPE

Europe built its energy policy not on physics, but on ideology [10][11][12]. It shut down nuclear power, destroyed its refining, signed up to the demands of private funds (ESG), and is now forced to import everything — gas, oil, and now Bitcoin.

Why Bitcoin?

Because Bitcoin is the only way to “import energy” without building pipelines or buying tankers. It is the digital equivalent of what Europe can no longer produce physically. As experts note, Bitcoin becomes a bridge between energy surpluses in some states and deficits in others — a bridge that cannot be closed by sanctions, pipelines, or tankers [10].

Europe will:

Buy Bitcoin from those who have cheap energy (Russia, China, Kazakhstan, US).
Try to regulate it, but will not be able to stop the flow.
Maintain its ideological positions until industry finally collapses.

An alternative path: Europe could reconsider its energy policy. Return to nuclear power. Reduce regulatory pressure. Admit that the green agenda is not physics, but politics. But this is unlikely. Political positions have become part of identity. Changing them would mean admitting defeat.

CONCLUSION: HOW EUROPE FITS INTO THE GLOBAL TRANSITION

Europe will become an eternal importer of Bitcoin. It will buy it as a “clean” asset, but in reality, it will be buying energy it cannot produce itself.

This is not a catastrophe. This is a natural outcome of ideological policy. Europe made a choice, and that choice led to energy collapse. Bitcoin does not “save” Europe — it simply becomes the only available channel for obtaining energy.

Global meaning: Europe is an example of how politics can destroy energy sovereignty. And an example of how Bitcoin becomes inevitable when physical channels for monetizing energy are closed.

LIST OF SOURCES

1. IEA (International Energy Agency). European Refining: Challenges and Outlook, 2016.
2. S&P Global / Platts. Reports on the closure of oil refineries in Europe, 2010–2015.
3. McKinsey & Company. The future of European refining, 2015.
4. World Nuclear Association. Data on nuclear power plants in Europe.
5. Bundesministerium für Umwelt, Naturschutz, nukleare Sicherheit und Verbraucherschutz (BMUV). German legislation on the exit from nuclear energy.
6. France 2030. Energy strategy of France.
7. IEA. Renewables 2025: Analysis and forecast to 2026.
8. Our World in Data. Statistics on capacity factors.
9. Energy Transition Commission. Fossil fuels in transition, 2023.
10. The Economist. The ESG backlash, 2025.
11. Financial Times. How BlackRock imposed ESG on sovereigns, 2024.
12. Journal of International Affairs. ESG as an instrument of soft power, 2023.
13. IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change). Land Use, Land-Use Change, and Forestry (LULUCF), 2022.
14. Nature. Article on reassessment of CO₂ absorption by boreal forests (2023).
15. Science. Criticism of carbon models and methods for accounting forest absorption (2024).
16. MiCA (Markets in Crypto-Assets). Regulation of the European Union, 2024.
17. ESMA (European Securities and Markets Authority). Documents on MiCA implementation.
18. European Central Bank. Reports on monetary policy, digital euro.
19. Council of the European Union. 21st sanctions package against Russia (July 2026).
20. Reforma Energética de México, 2019–2023.
21. Brazil’s National Energy Plan (PNE 2050).
22. India’s National Electricity Plan.
23. South Africa’s Integrated Resource Plan (IRP).

NEXT ARTICLE IN THE SERIES: “China — a competitor building its own system: digital yuan, gold, and hidden mining.”

© 2026, Editorial Board of the Journals “Kafedra” and SforNews.
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